Why tax drag deserves attention
A retirement spending plan that looks comfortable before taxes can feel much tighter once income taxes are considered. Tax drag can also change how large a portfolio really needs to be.
A tax rate in this range is common for a retiree with a mix of taxable and tax-advantaged withdrawals landing in a middle bracket.
A longer retirement horizon raises the stakes of tax-aware planning, since small differences in the effective tax rate compound across many more years of withdrawals.
Limits of this simplified example
The model uses one assumed tax rate, not a full tax return or account-order withdrawal strategy.
Real-world retirement taxes depend on filing status, deductions, account types, Social Security taxation, state taxes, and changing tax brackets.